With changing business environment, organizations, shippers, and even small enterprises are relying increasingly on 3PL or 3rd party logistic companies. Companies tie up with 3PL providers to manage logistics and supply functions, get access to capacity and ability to tap latest technologies. 3PLs help clients reduce their costs through tactical improvements, and enhance overall supply chain performance.
When a company decides to employ a 3PL it is often founded by certain needs such as seasonal warehousing or transportation capacity and costs.
The demand for 3PL providers goes beyond delivery. They are also involved in other operations such as warehousing, distribution, customer service, order management and fulfillment. Since 3PL perform a wide range of duties it is important to gauge their effectiveness. Set certain expectations or KPIs to measure their performance over time and investigate the value that your 3PL provider is creating for you. These will help you understand if your business relationship will work or not.
Below are the essential KPIs you must have for your 3PL provider-
1. Freight costs
Tracking cost per shipment, costs per case, location, modes of shipment and delivery are all essential metrics that you should be monitoring. Since these costs will ultimately affect your product pricing , they have to be reasonable and meet business goals.
2. Percentage of timely deliveries
This is the most important KPI. You need to be sure that customers are getting deliveries on time as per your agreement with the 3PL provider. They must meet customer demands because if 3PLs are unable to deliver on time, you could be losing customers.
3. Percentages of loads that are accepted by primary and secondary carriers
What your carriers can carry at a time can have an impact on costs and customer satisfaction. You also want to exercise some control over when and how your goods would be delivered. You want to find out before hand if there are any costs to be incurred in the supply process. Hidden costs can blow your transportation budgets.
4. Technological innovations
Your 3PL provider should keep abreast of the latest technological innovations critical to the industry. Technology improves their efficiency and increases your productivity. A 3PL company that operates with advanced technology, experiences a lower margin of error which consequently benefits everyone in the supply chain.
Well, the services that your 3PL provides for you and your customer can make or break your business reputation. It is foolish to assume that the 3PL will do a good job by themselves. It is advisable to continuously monitor them by tracking KPIs to judge their efficiency.
The above are the KPIs that you set for your 3PL provider. But along with these here are 4 factors companies should take into account when assessing 3PL performance:
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Control
3PLs control the capacity of transportation and distribution. They liaise on their client’s behalf when partnering with carriers.
A primary reason why 3PL partnerships fail is poorly defined expectations. Customers need to exert some control as well. It is you who needs to assertively communicate and continuously benchmark KPIs that are most important to you—not them.
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Optimization
3PLs must create value by optimizing existing client transportation and logistics functions. They do so by collecting and filtering data, analyzing it, to identify anomalies and redundancies. With this data, they can then find quick fixes for certain processes. They can also find strategic system-wide improvements upstream and downstream in the supply chain that turn problems into new opportunities to drive greater efficiency and economy.
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Reporting
Reporting is a key aspect in understanding and recognizing 3PL performance. It is important to know about the movement of goods and their location in real-time. Clients need to tell them which status reports are most critical to their needs so they can view performance. Using metrics like these may help companies determine if the service providers are striking the right balance between service and cost.
3PLs collect, archive, and analyze past reports to identify improvement areas, expose inherent problems, alert customers to recurring problems, and explore opportunities to increase efficiency.
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Execution
If a 3PL service provider is responsive to client expectations and executes according to plan, both will see vast improvements with regard to customer service, efficiency, cost savings, and innovation.
Conclusion
Clients should have a detailed contract spelling out the KPIs for the 3PLs. It would also be better to mention the actions that would be taken if expectations are not met, or result in poor customer service, logistics costs, or transportation issues occur by the 3PL provider.